Ecological correlates of fish reproductive activity in floodplain rivers: a life-history-based approach

نویسندگان

  • Steven C. Zeug
  • Kirk O. Winemiller
چکیده

Reproductive activity of seven species representing three divergent life history strategies was monitored monthly for 2 years in channel and floodplain habitats of the Brazos River, Texas, USA, to evaluate associations between reproductive activity and biotic and abiotic factors predicted by conceptual models to influence reproduction. An information-theoretic approach was used to select best approximating models for each species, and model-averaged estimates of regression coefficients were calculated. Model selection indicated that monthly flow based on the 30-year hydrograph and temperature was strongly supported as factors associated with reproductive activity of all three life history strategies. The timing of reproduction in relation to the long-term hydrograph was related to life history traits. Reproductive activity of species with large adult size and high fecundity was greatest in spring just prior to increasing flows, whereas species with small adult size and extended breeding seasons exhibited greater activity in late spring and summer when mean flow was greatest. Nest-building species with parental care were more abundant in off-channel habitats where floods were less common. Instream flow management would benefit from consideration of flow and habitat requirements needed to support the diverse life history strategies displayed by fishes in river–floodplain systems. Résumé : Nous avons suivi à chaque mois pendant 2 ans l’activité reproductive de sept espèces représentant trois stratégies de cycle biologique distinctes dans les habitats du chenal et de la plaine d’inondation de la Brazos, Texas, É.U., afin d’évaluer les associations entre l’activité reproductive et les facteurs biotiques et abiotiques qui, d’après certains modèles conceptuels, l’influencent. Nous utilisons une approche basée sur la théorie de l’information pour sélectionner les modèles qui s’ajustent le mieux à chaque espèce et nous calculons à l’aide des modèles les estimations moyennes des coefficients de régression. La sélection des modèles indique que le débit mensuel basé sur la courbe de 30 ans et la température sont les facteurs le plus fortement retenus pour expliquer l’activité reproductive dans les trois stratégies de cycle biologique. La détermination du moment de la reproduction en fonction de la courbe de débit à long terme dépend des caractéristiques du cycle biologique. Les espèces avec adultes de grande taille et à forte fécondité ont une activité reproductive maximale au printemps juste avant l’accroissement des débits, alors que les espèces avec des adultes de petite taille et une saison de fraye étendue montrent plus d’activité reproductive à la fin du printemps et en été quand le débit moyen est maximal. Les espèces qui construisent des nids et qui prennent soin de leurs petits sont plus abondantes dans les habitats hors du chenal où les crues sont moins fréquentes. La gestion des débits dans les cours d’eau pourrait être améliorée si on tenait compte des exigences de débit et d’habitat requises pour le maintien des diverses stratégies de cycle biologique possédées par les poissons des systèmes de rivières et de leurs plaines

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تاریخ انتشار 2007